French General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas fighting off the Austrian army, at the bridge of Clausen in Tyrol, on Jan. 17, 1797.
General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas (1762–1806)
Thomas-Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie, also known as Alexandre Dumas, was a general in the French army and became one of the highest-ranking Black men of all time in a continental European army. Born in Saint-Domingue (Haiti), Alexandre Dumas was of mixed race, the son of a white French nobleman and an enslaved mother of African descent.
In 1776, at age 14, he traveled to France to live with his father, who had left Saint-Domingue the year before. Dumas’s upbringing was typical of a son of an aristocrat, and in 1786, at age 24, he joined the French army as a private. However, his father refused to allow him to use his name in the lowest rank of the army. Thus, he dropped Thomas from his given name and took his mother’s surname, entering the service as Alexandre Dumas.
By 1792, Dumas was a lieutenant colonel and married Marie-Louise Labouret. The next year, he was promoted to general of the Army in the western Pyrenees. Eventually, he joined Napoleon Bonaparte in Italy, and later in Egypt, where he questioned Bonaparte’s policies. The break between them was permanent. Denied a decent pension, the general soon died a man broken in spirit.
Alexandre Dumas (1802–1870)
Alexandre Dumas was the son of Alexandre Davy de La Pailleterie and the author of “The Count of Monte Cristo” and “The Three Musketeers.” He’s regarded as one of the most widely read French authors of all time.
After General Dumas’ death in 1806, the family fell on hard times, and as a young man Alexandre went to Paris to attempt to make a living as a lawyer. He managed to obtain a post in the household of the Duke d’Orléans, the future King Louis-Philippe, but tried to earn his fortune in the theater. Dumas’ plays were well received in the late 1820s and early 1830s. Although he continued to write plays, Dumas next turned his attention to the historical novel, eventually writing the books mentioned above and what he is best known for.
For more information on the Dumas’ read the following books:
The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo
General Alexandre Dumas: Soldier of the French Revolution
100 Amazing Facts About the Negro with Complete Proof: A Short Cut to The World
Alexander Pushkin (1799–1837)
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin is considered by many to be the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature. Pushkin was born into Russian nobility in Moscow after his great-grandfather on his mother’s side, Abram Petrovitch Ganibal, was enslaved and brought over from Africa to Russia, where he rose to become an aristocrat. Pushkin’s historical fiction “The Blackamoor of Peter the Great” is based on his great-grandfather.
Even though he was considered nobility, Pushkin often faced racism because of his African heritage. His jaded yet proud defense of his ancestry in “My Genealogy” is in response to racial slurs aimed at him by his critics. He clearly saw himself as a Black man and closely identified himself with those Africans held in bondage in the Americas. In a letter composed in 1824 he stated that: “It is permissible to judge the Greek question like that of my Negro brethren, desiring for both deliverance from an intolerable slavery.”
Read “The Collected Stories (Everyman’s Library)” of Alexander Pushkin.
Joseph Boulogne (1745–1799)
Joseph Boulogne, also known as Le Chevalier de Saint-George and the “Black Mozart,” was an African who rose to the top of French society because of his mastery of European music and sword-fighting. He was the son of an enslaved African woman, Nanon, widely considered the most beautiful woman on the island of Guadeloupe, and a father who was a member of a wealthy family from the French Caribbean colony of Guadeloupe.
Saint-George excelled at many disciplines in his lifetime. He became an elite musketeer of the King’s horse guard; a master-swordsman and Europe’s fencing champion; a composer, violin impresario, and opera director that influenced Mozart, and a military hero in the French Revolution — ironically all in an age when slavery was endemic and white superiority was dogma.
Queen Charlotte of England (1744–1818)
Queen Charlotte, wife of the English King George III (1738-1820), was directly descended from Margarita de Castro y Sousa, a noblewoman from the Black branch of the Portuguese royal house. Her personal physician described her in his autobiography as having “a true mulatto face.” The city of Charlotte, North Carolina, is named after her.
Portraits of Queen Charlotte were often rejected by the royal couple, who were not happy with the representations of the likeness of the queen, whose African ancestry was to be hidden. Sir Allan Ramsay was the artist responsible for the majority of the paintings of the queen, and his representations of her were the most decidedly African of all her portraits.
Alessandro de’ Medici, Duke of Florence. Painting in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence
Alessandro de’ Medici (1510–1537)
Alessandro de’ Medici was the Duke of Penne and Duke of Florence in the early 16th century. He is regarded as the first Black head of state in modern Western history. Historians believe he was born to a servant of African descent who was working in the Medici household.
Alessandro was made hereditary Duke of Florence in early 1532 and “became the head of one of the most illustrious families in European history — a family that furnished a long roll of statesmen and patrons of art, as well as three popes, three kings of France, three queens and a mother of one of England’s kings.” His cousin, Lorenzino de’ Medici, orchestrated his assassination in 1537 while Alessandro was only in his late 20s.
History starting to come out.
How was Alessandro the first black head of state and the son of a slave when the Transatlantic trade had not started by this time.. And the Moors ruled many parts of Europe for 700 years.
In fact a "morisco" does not apply to that definition. Morisco was the name given to the moors converted to Christianity (most of them forced to) after the fall of the last muslim kingdom of Spain, Granada, in 1492. Most of them were not black but a mix of caucasian and North African parentage.
great black history…a study for the black university of the world…the safari prince…
Why don't you mention Alexandre Dumas? Wasn't he black enough for you? Or have you never heard of "The Three Musketeers"?
Moors, though the word originally comes from the Greek word for black from the Sudan or Southern Egypt, cf. the Black Pharaohs, was used to name people from North Africa, Berbers, Arabs, and by extension Muslims, who were not necessarily black: "The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Malta…. The term "Moors" has also been used in Europe in a broader sense to refer to Muslims,[2] especially those of Arab or Berber descent, whether living in Spain or North Africa." (from "Moors" in Wikipedia)
Jacques Boutard Dude. The Moors of Spain and Italy (the ones who conquered Europe) were indeed black. This is a just a simple Google search through the artwork of the time. The Moors who were berber descent did not get that far.
Jacques Boutard Also, the term arab is not a race but a culture.
Ajani Thomas If you say so! (dude). My being European, having studied for a Master's degree at the University of Cordoba (Spain), capital of the Caliphate of Córdoba , also known as Al-Andalus, probably doesn't qualify me as an expert in your eyes. So you can start doing your own research. But do it seriously this time.
Jacques Boutard You studying with the people conquered haven't told you the whole story? How is this supposed to surprise me? So black people painted themselves into all those portraits of Moors? Silly.
Moriscos means christian Moor as in Moors who were forcibly converted to Christianity and given the identity Black, Negroe and Colored in English.
They were Black in Complexion Spanish King Alfonso described the Moors as Black as Coal.
Jacques about are, might I suggest you seek a refund on your education. You've been hoodwinked.
Jacques Boutard you might as well let it go because its ingrained in many folks head that Moor means black people and africa is a continent of just black people, the whole continent is black people and some even believe the arabian peninsula is black people.
these theories have been going around for over 40 years but luckily DNA ,early man migration and ethnic relevance are becoming the standards of truth over theory and afrocentrism.
pretty much Moor,Black and african is all the same lol
Shawn Mc (sigh) The people of Mauretania are the descendants of the origin of the Moors. Again, it is a quick Google and library search of about five minutes. My God. I have literally never heard anyone refer to the Moors as anything but black (Spain and up) and brown (lower regions). Were The Egyptians Mexican and the Mayans Chinese? I swear there is always a denier of African History no matter what the topic is.
Shawn Mc Spanish people literally dress in black face to celebrate their festival entitled Moros y Cristianos. Now Shawn, where are you getting your information?
El Aemer , which Spanish King Alfonso are you talking about, of a grand total of nearly 20 kings of that name? A king of Asturias (3 of them)? A king of Aragon (5 of them)? O Leon? Of Galicia? A king of Castille? ( the list stops at Alfonso XI) ? Which one, from I to XI? And did he leave it in writing? Where? I remind you that Spain was only united with the marriage of the Catholic Kings, Isabel I de Castilla and Fernando II de Aragon in 1469.
I would take no such advice from a man who places faith above knowledge. And I received free, egalitarian education.
No problem, then continue to wander aimlessly in the darkness fool!
I, a fool? Then you must be an asshole, if not worse! 🙂
Jacques Boutard King Alfonso X. Additionally the term Black was not applied to the Moors until 1581 hence Blackamoor, this is the era of Slavery when Moors were branded Negroes and Ladino's by the Portuguese and Spaniards, Negar by the Dutch and Black by the English. All English dictionaries before the early 1900's defined Moor as "Negro, Blackman, Blackamoor, etc because the English, Spanish, Portuguese i.e. the Christian Nations had a mission to enslave the Moors and during that mission it was procedural to strip them of their names and heritage as it was apart of the colonization and conquest to Christianize the world. Look up the Christian Doctrine of Discovery.
In the 13th century, the Spanish monarch Alfonso X described the Moors as follows:
All the Moorish soldiers were dressed in silk and black wool that had been forcibly acquired their faces were like pitch and the most handsome of them was like a cooking pan.
The Chanson of Roland (Song of Roland) an ode written after the Moors invaded France in 718 A.D., at verses 145 and 146 described the invaders as blacker than ink with large noses and ears†and with nothing white except the teeth. See Moriaen. Arthurian Romance No. 4, PP. 29, 39, 41, 103. 1907. Trans. by J. L. Watson.
El Aemer Sorry, I've got no time for the latter. Religion is at best poetry, in its worst form oppression. Still, you might look up the Greek word "μαύρος", you'll find it in any good Greek dictionary, and even in English ones if you look up the etymology of the word "Moor". Γεια σου φίλε !
El Aemer, I'd be delighted to further discuss some of these matters with you, as you were good enough to answer my question about King Alfonso X the Wise. Can you quote the passage more precisely? Only bear in mind that I'm a former English teacher with college degrees in Spanish, Portuguese and Modern Greek. I only take lessons at postgraduate level.
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/glossary.htm#moor
Ajani Thomas Moor was the name giving to the muslim invaders of north africa, europeans during that time considered anyone not fair skin moorish.
the history of north africa is complex, its not as simple as thinking they were black people, if you read some of the scripts and writings of muslim philosophers and rulers you would understand they made a clear distinction between their Black soldiers and arab soldiers.
start at page say 65
http://books.google.com/books?id=WdjvedBeMHYC&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=egypt+caliphate+slaughtered+his+black+slaves&source=bl&ots=05EwHYpVU3&sig=s34RaoGf8Kqsd43Ow3RNdqJhBN0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AWRNVIn5HMugyASgtYHICg&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=egypt%20caliphate%20slaughtered%20his%20black%20slaves&f=false
El Aemer : Thanks for your most diligent and thoughtful research.
Pure, Black beauty.
Jacques Boutard This has very little to do with faith, or religion which is the "White-Man's" trick. But with research in your racist media/history which seeks always to demean our race. Thanks to Amen, for erudite scholars like El Aemer.
@Andreas Schluter, your reference post no longer exists.
This detail is partly right , though the poem is not an ode but an epic/heroic poem (chanson de geste). You're in fact referring to stanzas CXLIII and CXLIV , verses 1913 to 1918 and 1932 to 1934 (the poem has 291 stanzas and 4002 verses, at least my Old French version has). And here's the explanation: the Moors in question are in fact Ethopians:
"Roland mourns the deaths of his men, and spurs himself on to kill as many Moslems as he can. Marsile fights fiercely as well, killing several of the twelve peers. Roland's fierce response terrifies the pagans, and a hundred thousand of them, including Marsile, flee. But his uncle Marganice remains, along with his fearsome entourage of troops from Africa. His assembly of warriors includes the contingent from "accursed" Ethiopia, where the men are black and have "large noses and broad ears" (l. 1918). The sight of them unsettles even Roland, who feels certain that the Franks will die. The Ethiopians alone number fifty thousand, and the Franks have only sixty men left."
Of course this has little to do with historical facts, as the Chanson was written about three centuries after the events took place. And Ethiopia is one of the earliest Christian nations in the world (IVth c. A.D.).
Did not know Carol Channing was a sister. But check your spelling: glamorous NOT glamourous.
I am reasonably certain that the last picture is of Abram Petrovich Gannibal, a Russian General. Please correct me if I am wrong.
Queen charlotte of england……lmao. I only had to look up one. Here's the thing. Let's assume her roots are all.true…..this means that 17 generations ago a person with some black in them was her ancestry grand mother….16 generations removed…..everyone else is white. This works out to be .0006% percent of her DNA would have been black! And now she's black I guess!!! Lmao beg much?
Almost all.of them are multiracial, the one drop rule is an american only thing. .
I smell bullshit on this one. You can't just be calling people black…biracial isn't black.
Ajani Thomas https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moors. Also a third of the people of modern mauretania are lighter skinned arabs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritania#Demographics
This should be titled historical figures who have traceable black ancestry because I am sure all of these people did not consider themselves black
Of course not, because there was no such thing as "race" of people during most of these figure's lives.
One drop is all it takes…….Hahaha
Jacques Boutard, why such an elaborate resume of your education? Are you trying to insinuate that you have more education than the average Human or know more than anyone else? Explain please!
Since when biracial isnt black? At least in Usa biracial– black, and white is black. Is considered black since slavery times.
Then what do you call them?
The American one drop role is evidently intimately tied to psuedo scientific notions of racial purity. Since black was considered bad, if a "white" person had so much as one drop of black blood they could not be considered white. It was a self-policing system that intended to prevent anyone white from wanting to taint the blood of future generations by introducing black blood into the fold. Most people have long forgotten the origins of the one drop rule. On purely heritage grounds the rule makes no sense. My father is white, my mother is black. I'm mixed race. Proud of my white heritage and proud of my black. To pass me off as purely black is to ask me to deny my father, to pass me off as white is to deny my mother. I refused to do either. Hence I consider myself to be of dual heritage. In being brought up in Britain it is my view that these historical figures can be described as people of African heritage or indeed of European heritage or of mixed race. To call them black however makes no sense. That said, every country has their own system of categorising people. Given the Atlanta Black Star is American, the definition of 'black' given here, makes sense.
The American one drop role is evidently intimately tied to psuedo scientific notions of racial purity. Since black was considered bad, if a "white" person had so much as one drop of black blood they could not be considered white. It was a self-policing system that intended to prevent anyone white from wanting to taint the blood of future generations by introducing black blood into the fold. Most people have long forgotten the origins of the one drop rule. On purely heritage grounds the rule makes no sense. My father is white, my mother is black. I'm mixed race. Proud of my white heritage and proud of my black. To pass me off as purely black is to ask me to deny my father, to pass me off as white is to deny my mother. I refused to do either. Hence I consider myself to be of dual heritage. In being brought up in Britain it is my view that these historical figures can be described as people of African heritage or indeed of European heritage or of mixed race. To call them black however makes no sense. That said, every country has their own system of categorising people. Given the Atlanta Black Star is American, the definition of 'black' given here, makes sense.
Jacques Boutard Why cant they be both? Why cant two groups of people, african/arab, be one collective entity, Moors, and go into Spain. I personally find it hard to believe that some of the moors were not of African decent… As scholars we are encouraged to think critically and analytically. Not to just take everything we see and hear as true fact. I mean, scholar to scholar, Queen Tiye of Egypt, despite the fact that she has an Afro and Dark Skin some people still believe that she is white. Where is the logic in that? And why might some people be reluctant to the idea that Egypt may have had black royalty?
Samuel Hill Jr. Thanks for your question. Simple enough to explain. I didn't want people to waste their time (and mine) with arguments they hadn't thoroughly checked beforehand. Someone talked about Moors as a "nationality." The same explained to me that English wasn't spoken at the time of the Roman empire. They even brought in the Phoenicians and the Canaanites! Then another suggested that I had been "hoodwinked" and that I should get a refund on my education (ironically, being French, I received free education). Another one called me a racist. Some argument! Still I'm glad the discussion took a turn for the better later on.
Ms. Jill M. Fard, I would like to know to!
If you all are butthurt because of the statement to bad…I have biracial cousins still I am bout about to sugarcoat it. They are just what I said biracial!!!! Whites or gentiles don't call biracial offspring white only black folks so quick to claim EVERYTHING then get all offended when the offspring deny African heritage…let me guess you two look like you're from older generation. The new generation of black youth are conscious
Darron Reginald Brown i agree with you about the moors, they were a mixed group of arabs and africans from the north and south, you can actually read the arab philosophers writings distinguishing themselves from the africans. they actually used the africans in many cases then double crossed them
oh that small statue of tiye wasn't a afro it was a head piece and i believe its only a few inches big. i think the problem comes in when we think of a person with melanin as black or white. melanin composition is important but whats more important is the history of the people and where their ancestors migrated from.
there are many east indians with dark melanin but they are not black
it wasn't Transatlantic trade. Mediterranian slave trade where both White European and Black African slaves were captured and sold by Arabs
Yes , in USA. Outside the USA, in a bigger world the "one drop rule" never applied
Jacques Boutard ..and the Ethiopeans do not have large noses
Jacques Boutard ..and the Ethiopeans do not have large noses
Pushkin didn't: however he was proud of his African ancestor…but then in Russia it wasn't shameful to be black. They had white slaves (*80% of the population) and their slavery was abolished in 1861 only
that solves it
that solves it
Micah Mustafa I don't agree. The adage is "one drop of black blood" makes you Black. It's true as it is the way you are viewed in society if you cannot pass for white or something else. Either way, it does not matter what any of us think, as the only person who can discuss this is Carol Channing. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0211/27/lkl.00.html
If you read this she found out when she was 16 and proud of it, but didn't say anything until she was almost 80 years old. She lived in a different time where that could have cost her her career if she stated it. Black was black then, but now that we have so many mixed races, it really only matters to the police! Do you think I'm butthurt or speaking the truth?
Well if biracial is black then biracial should be white too. Should it.
How come if you are mixed with anything, you are automatically black? Why can't you be white? Crazy
While the one drop rule is an Amerikkkan sign of insanity, it's true all humans carry African DNA. See on youtube , atop Chinese Geneticist declare all Chinese are Africans! Its also insane for whites to still claim that they somehow have made these Black people more advanced because of European DNA.. Ill say in those that Blacks however mixed such as me that no doubt African DNA is dominant and I'm proud it is since all humans are linked to Africa genetically!
While the one drop rule is an Amerikkkan sign of insanity, it's true all humans carry African DNA. See on youtube , atop Chinese Geneticist declare all Chinese are Africans! Its also insane for whites to still claim that they somehow have made these Black people more advanced because of European DNA.. Ill say in those that Blacks however mixed such as me that no doubt African DNA is dominant and I'm proud it is since all humans are linked to Africa genetically!
Micah Mustafa I feel like you would enjoy Trevor Noah. His comedy special is on Netflix.
Well racist white people don't use biracial, they use black. Look how they treat our president.
Why are we black folks so quick to claim bi racial…? This is ridiculous. Once you are mixed you are not Black nor White.
You mean tell me you all are quoting "slave laws" that intended to maintained racism and white purity to justify someone being black. While asset the same time used to oppress blacks…way to go black people…Facepalm
Those were clearly mulattos. Mulattos have black fathers & white mothers. They are more accepted in the world's culture of white supremacy. They are also a threat to those of pure Afrikan ancestry. Plus they forgot to mention King Stewart James was mulatto, Beetoven, William Shakespeare, Hitler, J.E. Hoover,…and the list goes on. Lots of mainstream Hollywood has mulatto celebrities.
I agree Micah! Those are clearly mulattos. Mulattos are those born of black fathers & white mothers. White people are genetically recessive which is why those mulattos even look mixed. That falls on the Afrikan gene of the father. BUT The Afrikan Wombman carries the genetic code for producing more Melaninated off spring. In some cases those children who have a black mother & white father they just look like lighter skinned blacks but have more melanin & afrocoid features than a white woman giving birth from a black father. Mulattos are more accepted in the world of white supremacy but they have always been against Pure Afrikan people & identify with being white. Research the BLUE VEIN SOCIETY & other mulattos who were in power. They hate black people!
Given that my great-great-grandfather slept with a slave, does this make me black? Don't tell anyone.
Well it does matter!Your still at a disavantage because the ones that are in control look at your physical appearance not so much at what you identify as being.So with this being said,why don't you accept who you are and be yourself!!
Forgot Alexandre Dumas, father and son and grandson.
It would better to be truthful and say these are people of African descent , rather to say they are all African (or black). Their being of mixed descent in no way lessens their achievements, nor their contributions to history.
Ich verstehe diesen Artikel nicht! Ich habe mir noch nie Gedanken über die Hautfarbe von Persönlichkeiten gemacht! Wieso wird hier überhaupt darauf hingewiesen das es stark pigmentierte Menschen waren? Macht sie das anders? Ich denke nicht! Aber wenn wir schon dabei sind, fehlen hier auch noch welche, z.B. : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8QqVN6qiNI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Franciszek_Jab%C5%82onowski
Moses' wife was Ethiopian.
Micah Mustafa….I often wonder why people use the same laws meant to segragate and enslave to define themselves and other….they are allowing themselves to be mentally enslaved long after the physical restraints of slavery are lifted…very sad.
I agree with you Micah. BiRacial is what it is. I grew up with a black father in the household and my younger siblings are both biracial. They both claim their "blackness" AND their "whiteness". My son is also biracial with blond hair and blue eyes. He REALLY can't just be called "black".
I agree with you Micah. BiRacial is what it is. I grew up with a black father in the household and my younger siblings are both biracial. They both claim their "blackness" AND their "whiteness". My son is also biracial with blond hair and blue eyes. He REALLY can't just be called "black".
EVERYONE has at least ONE drop. Yes, EVERYONE. That's scientific.
Like how in the hell can you just do away with a side of ancestry all together for the sake of just being to call them BLACK. Sounds like popaganda to me. It doesn't matter if the woman on or man is black but the other parent u jus gon wipe away from the equation let's be for real here?
Then you can't call Obama Black!
They are considered black….whites disowned any biracial peoples. I and u american born have a percentage of white in us. My great great great grandad was white….but im considered black
Great post thanks a lot! You can add Roman emperor Septimius Severus.
Where is this information? Very interesting.
Micah, the human race is one. This wonderful people all are of African descent and that's wonderful–even if some had a bit of an edge with the nobility thing which was of great advantage wow O.O.
The white folks call them black
And you would be very wrong especially cosidering they lived in a context where people like them were also slaves.
Bob Marley's father is white. I'm sure no one ever questioned his ethnicity. If coffee has some milk in it, it's still coffee. Ludwig Van Beethoven has a BLACK MOTHER. He was made fun of for his complexion as was called, "Blackamoor."
"Emil Ludwig, in his book "Beethoven," says: "His face reveals no trace of the German. He was so dark that people dubbed him Spagnol (dark-skinned)." Fanny Giannatasio del Rio, in her book "An Unrequited Love: An Episode in the Life of Beethoven," wrote, "His somewhat flat broad nose and rather wide mouth, his small piercing eyes and swarthy (black) complexion, pockmarked into the bargain, gave him a strong resemblance to a mulatto." C. Czerny stated, "His beard–he had not shaved for several days–made the lower part of his already brown face still darker."
El Aemer beside you don't answer Jacques Boutard about the passage where according to you there is such description, apparently you ignore (among many other facts) that the only really black people invading the Iberian penninsula were the Almohads about 250 years before the coin of the term "morisco". Additionally, the almohads invaded Spain in a pretty small number, and the rest of the invaders were North African, commonly berbers. Even more, in the beginning of 16th century, moors had more than 80% of autoctonous ancestry, since Islamic invaders never brought civilian population to colonize, as they simply established a new order on the already populated territories. Many inhabitants of the occupied territories converted to Islam and their descendants, being pretty white, some centuries later became "moriscos" when they were forced to convert to Christianity. So I would recommend you to read more about demographics in 8th Century Iberian penninsula and ongoing invasions. Take your time. Cheers.
All these names you've mentioned are part of us black?
Tenesha Johnson A slave during colonial times, ones ancestry or race followed the father not the mother.
Thank you! I was going crazy like are these people serious!
Jacques Boutard being French the you should know that De Maure means the Moor in English Correct, and yes Moor is a Nationality, Old Word nationality that is on an equal footing with Romans, see Elia Levitas Table of Nations which clearly provides that the term Mor is merely Old German translation of the Hebrew term Cushite, everyone knows the Kushites in complexion fit the black as coal description, however anthropologist have inducuted the Kushites into the Caucasian Race class which places them under White and constitutes as today why someone like Mustopha Hefy can migrate from Egypt to the U.S.A. and be classified by the US Government as White, so Nacho your Color Scheme parlor tricks won't work with me, no offense but I do not define white under White Supremacist standards, I go by the Government definitions which are not based on complexion, in fact the Romans would say the Maures were Nigri, hence Nigri meaning Black, they were not saying Maure means Black but that the Moors in B.C. times before Islam, Before Christianity, Before Judaism, were Black in complexion, look up the term Blackamoor, most dictionaries provide that the "Blacka" was offensive to those Moors who were dark skin pigmented. In fact the Moors in West Africa who were Black as Coal referred themselves as Al Bidan meaning the White People, the concept of White that non dark skin pigmented people have is based on White Supremacy not historical fact for example Nacho seeks to explain that there were Many White people in Iberia, this is of-course in his mind seems to insinuate that there were no dark skin people there util the Moors, which is a flawed notion since the Moors had been migrating back and forth to what is now Spain long before the Monotheistic era, which is why they are found in Roman text.
El Aemer, when you look for a word in a rush, try to check the correct acception of the mentioned word. Moor, in the meaning of "inhabitant or relative to northern Africa" comes from the Latin Maurus, which means inhabitant of the Roman province of Mauretania. Nothing to do with Old German. It is the same etymology of the word "moro" in Spanish or "mouro" in Portuguese. Better luck next time.
This view was summed up neatly in 1806 by Spencer Roane of the Virginia Court of Appeals: In the case of a person visibly appearing to be a Negro [Black] the presumption is, in this country, that he is a slave, and it is incumbent on him to make out his right to freedom, but in the case of a person visibly appearing to be a white man, or an Indian, the presumption is that he is free, and it is necessary of this adversary to show that he is a slave……. the rights of slave owners were further secured when the colonial assemblies adopted the principle of the Roman law that a child derives its status from its mother. Since miscegenation usually involved White males and Black female slaves, the Roman law principle insured that offspring of such alliances were automatically slaves. When the reverse was the case, when a white female and a black male were involved, a special status sometimes was created for the child. Free Men All: The Personal Liberty Laws of the North, 1780-1861By Thomas D. Morris.
Citing 1662 Virginia statute providing that “[c]hildren got by an Englishman upon a Negro woman shall be bond or free according to the condition of the mother”. Throughout the late 17th and early 18 century, several colonial legislatures adopted similiar rules which revesed the usual common law presumptions that the status of the child was determined bythe father. (See id. at 128 (citing 1706 New Yor Statute); id. at 252 (citing a 1755 Georgia Law)). These laws facilitated the breeding o slaves through Black women’s bodies and allowed for slaveholders to reproduce their own labor force. (See Paulal Giddings, When and Where I enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America (1984) (noting that “a master could save the cost of buying new slaves by impregnating his own slave, or forthat matter having anyone impregnate her”). For a discussion of Race and Gender see Cheryl I. Harris Myths of Race and Gender in the Trials of O.J. Simpson and Susan Smith–Spectacles of Our Times http://privateattorneygenerals.com/why-do-blacks-ignore-that-black-and-negro-are-synonymous-with-criminal/.
Jacques Boutard https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SsavmtsD6Oc.
could it be that the color of there skin is not important, but the integrity of thier character is.
Anytime you mix a dominant with a recessive, the dominant takes over. So therefore if you mix white with black, the dominant black takes over. You can check the science if you like.
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We of African decent must ALWAYS remember that the present day history of written information has mostly if not always have been documented by whites for whites and to believe that they have contributed to this world and no one else hence d trump